In 2011, Canada, Japan and Russia said they would not adopt further Kyoto targets. [106] On December 12, 2011, the Canadian government announced, with effect from December 15, 2012, its withdrawal from the Kyoto Protocol, which is possible at any time three years after its ratification. [107] Canada has committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by 6% compared to 1990 by 2012, but in 2009 emissions were 17% higher than in 1990. The Harper government has prioritized the development of the oil sands in Alberta and has depriororized the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Environment Minister Peter Kent spoke of Canada`s responsibility for “huge financial penalties” under the treaty if it did not withdraw. [106] [108] He also suggested that the recently signed Durban Agreement could offer another way forward. [109] The Harper government has stated that it will find a “made in Canada” solution. Canada`s decision received a generally negative response from representatives of other raking countries. [109] In 2005, many countries, including EU countries, planned to meet or exceed their targets under the agreement by 2011. Others, such as the United States and China – the world`s largest emitters – produced enough greenhouse gases to mitigate the progress of countries that met their targets. In fact, global emissions increased by about 40% between 1990 and 2009. In 2001, the previous meeting (COP6 bis)[88] continued in Bonn, at which the necessary decisions were taken.

After some concessions, supporters of the protocol (led by the European Union) managed to secure the agreement between Japan and Russia by allowing more levels of carbon dioxide. UN Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon called on heads of state and government from around the world to the 69th.